Journal of Native and Alien Plant Studies

Assessing the adaptability of conifers and prospects for introduction in the Republic of Moldova

2024-12-23T11:29:08+02:00

Aims. Botanical gardens, nurseries, private gardens, and dendrological collections have a significant fund of Pinophyta species and varieties, many of which grow successfully in the climatic conditions of Moldova. The need to select the most perspective ones for ornamental gardening, and in particular for implementation in green building, prompted a more profound study of their bioecological features and decorative qualities. Methods. During the research, we used commonly used methods and recommendations to update species and varietal composition, determine winter hardiness, drought tolerance, phenological observations, assess reproductive capacity, levels of adaptation, prospects for introduction, etc. Results. Based on a detailed study of the biological and ecological characteristics of the representatives of the Pinophyta division, 107 cultivars can be recommended for use in landscape design in the Republic of Moldova. Almost all the Pinophyta ornamental cultivars studied in different-aged and multifunctional plantations of the Republic of Moldova proved to be quite winter-hardy, drought-resistant, and interesting for landscaping, and therefore deserve wider use in culture. Conclusions. The results of long-term experiments on the introduction of ornamental forms of woody plants of the Pinophyta division in the Republic of Moldova indicate their great potential for enriching the genetic fund suitable for use in landscaping.

Productivity of apple leaves, depending on the shape of the crown and the pruning times

2024-12-23T11:38:47+02:00

Aims. To determine the influence of pruning terms and methods of crown formation on the productivity of apple trees grown on dwarf rootstock M.9 in intensive plantations of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field (data acquisition), statistical using Tukey's test and Pearson's correlation method (data processing and analysis). The experiment was carried out in the garden of the Uman National University of Horticulture for 4 years (2019–2022) with apple trees of ‘Fuji’ and ‘Honey Crisp’ cultivars on dwarf rootstock M.9, planted according to the 4×1 m scheme. The factors studied were crowning shape: slender spindle, ballerina, and French axis; and also the pruning times: winter (0 BBCH) and winter combined with summer (second decade of June, 74 BBCH). Results. The shape of the crown and double pruning significantly affected the specific productivity per unit area of the apple tree leaf surface. A maximum value of 3.1 kg/m² was when forming the crown ballerina with pruning in winter and summer of ‘Fuji’ trees. A 33% higher indicator value was provided in plantations of the ‘Fuji’ compared to the ‘Honey Crisp’, with 30–33% higher crown formation by the French axis and 33% higher by double crown pruning. Specific productivity correlates with the yield and fruit load of trees. The French axis crown formation provided a threefold increase in the leaf index compared to the slender spindle and ballerina formation. Double pruning (winter and summer) increased the leaf index by 17%. The experiment showed a gradual decrease with a minimum in 2022. The main influence on the value of specific leaf area on crown volume was the crown shape (77.5%), where the formation of the ‘French axis’ provided three times higher values compared to other studied crowns. Double pruning (winter and summer) also contributed to an increase in this indicator by 60% compared to pruning only in winter. Conclusions. As a result of the formation of the French axis crown, its dimensions were much more compact, as a result of the peculiarities of its formation, which ensured an increase in the value of the leaf index and the specific leaf surface area per crown volume, but due to its smaller size, the value of specific productivity per leaf surface area was significantly reduced. At the same time, there was a clear tendency to increase these indicators and the introduction of double pruning — in winter and summer.

Bryophyte vegetation of Poltava City Park

2024-12-23T11:45:11+02:00

Aims. This study aims to investigate the bryophyte vegetation of the Poltava City Park, a national garden art monument, to establish its characteristics and to represent them within the syntaxonomic scheme of moss vegetation of the Forest- Steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods. Standard methods and techniques for describing bryophyte communities were employed to collect data for the study, with the objective classification of those communities according to the eco-floristic classification system based on the Braun-Blanquet method, supplemented by the own work (Gapon, 2013). The creation of a syntaxonomic scheme for moss vegetation was conducted using set monographic summaries (Dubyna et al., 2019; Marstaller, 2006; Mucina et al., 2016) along with own contributions. The names of bryophytes were provided according to the Prodromus of Bryophytes of Ukraine (Virchenko & Nyporko, 2022). Results. As a result of the research, it was determined that the bryophyte vegetation of Poltava City Park is represented by 9 classes, 11 orders, 15 unions, 15 associations, 7 subassociations, and 14 rankless groups. It is characterized by an impoverished species composition of bryophytes in bryocenoses, a predominance of unranked communities in the epigeic moss cover, vegetative propagation of mosses with a low frequency of occurrence of species with sporogoniums, etc. This is most probably due to the significant recreational load on this nature reserve in the city. Conclusions. The bryophytic vegetation of Poltava City Park is typical for the Forest-Steppe zones of Ukraine, but is characterized by an impoverished species composition of bryophytes in bryocenoses, a predominance of vegetative reproduction in bryophytes with a low frequency of occurrence of mosses with sporogonies, and a predominance of rankless communities in the epigeic moss cover. This is most likely due to a significant recreational load. Further monitoring on the mossy vegetation of this nature reserve will allow us to track its development and future changes.

Prerequisites and Prospects for the Creation of a Therapeutic Garden at the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

2024-12-23T11:56:54+02:00

Aims. The need to analyze the possibilities of creating a high-grade therapeutic garden through the evaluation of the spatial structure of National dendrological park "Sofiyivka" of NAS of Ukraine landscapes and the prospects of introducing therapeutic gardening for the rehabilitation of people with inclusive needs has
determined the actuality of research. Methods. The spatial structure of the landscapes of the "Sofiyivka" was classified according to the Methodological Guide for the Implementation of Gardenotherapy in Ukraine (Mosaiev et al., 2020). The accessibility of park objects for of people with disabilities was analyzed according to DBN V.2.2-40:2018ДБН В.2.2-40:2018 Incluziya of buildings and strukches (PAT..., 2018). Their aesthetic appeal was evaluated taking into account the recommendations of Ivan Kosenko and his colleagues on the peculiarities of the park's architectural compositions, which combine the motifs of myths and legends of Ancient Greece with the Osianic motifs of the Chivalrous Middle Ages (Kosenko et al., 2020, 2021), paying attention to the diversity of colors, textures, aromas, and sounds that would surround visitors. Results. The "Sofiyivka", as a co-founder of the All-Ukrainian
Association Inclusive Rehabilitation and Social Tourism, is actively involved in
arranging a barrier-free space in the park. Recently, "Sofiyivka" became a full member of the non-profit association European Route of Historic Gardens (ERHG), whose constituent documents emphasize the need to equip spaces for people with disabilities. Although a full-fledged stationary therapeutic garden is still being developed at "Sofiyivka", potential opportunities for passive garden therapy are available in the historical (untouchable for innovations) part of the park, and are consistently taken into account in newly created facilities. Considerable attention is paid to people in wheelchairs. The undulating terrain of the park led to the construction of a network of retaining walls, which were eventually decorated with prostrate and twisting forms of coniferous and deciduous plants, allowing wheelchair users to develop sensory sensations. They use a wide diversity of weeping tree forms as objects for photographic sessions. An integral element of the therapeutic garden is the green sculpture in the “Fantasy Park”, especially the ancient Ukrainian farmstead, where you can enrich yourself with positive energy, plunge into our ancestors' mode of life, and touch fragrant plants and plants that are amulets and symbols of Ukraine.
In cozy corners of the park, you can take “forest baths” similar to the Shinrin Yoku meditation technique known in Japan. Important elements of the therapeutic garden include numerous water objects in the historic and new parts of the park, with fountains and waterfalls, and with the mysterious underground the Acheson River, as well as lawns, alleys, and glades, walks along which are accompanied by the multi- voiced singing of local and migratory birds. The elements of the "Japanese Rock Gardens" in the “Fantasy Park”, which are in harmony with the water, contribute to anti-stress meditation. Conclusions. The therapeutic garden locations presented in the historic and new parts of "Sofiyivka" help improve the psycho-emotional state of visitors, including people with special needs, and with the involvement of volunteers, NGOs, and international donors, the park can become an effective driver of garden therapy development in Ukraine.

The karyotypes of interspecific grapevine hybrids (Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) BC4

2024-12-23T12:05:33+02:00

Aims. In this work, the results of cytological research, fertility, and biotic stress resistance of the genus Vitis L. interspecific hybrids between V. rotundifolia Michx. and V. vinifera L. are given. To better understand the nature of the characteristics of the hybrids between the Euvitis (V. vinifera) and Muscadinia (V. rotundifolia) subgenera, combining the quality of fruit from V. vinifera with disease resistance and environmental adaptation of muscadines (V. rotundifolia), for the completion of the grapevine genetic bank were carried out to study their metaphase chromosomes.
Methods. The species V. vinifera (2n = 38), V. rotundifolia (2n = 40) and the interspecific hybrids BC4 (BC4-717, BC4-718, BC4-719, BC4-720, BC4-721, BC4-754, BC4-755, BC4-756, BC4-757, BC4-758, BC4-790, BC4-591. BC4-792, BC4-793, BC4-794) were included in the experiments. For counting the number of chromosomes in somatic cells the standard methods of cytological preparations were used. The interspecific hybrid grapevine specimens' metaphase chromosomes were calculated by the propion-lacmoid chromosome staining method, through which use, a contrasting image is obtained: the cytoplasm becomes colorless, and the chromosomes are stained red-brown. Results. Through the study of the karyotypes of interspecific grapevine hybrids, it was possible to count BC4 chromosomes and select specimens with 2n = 38, which indicates the stability of the resulting genotypes.
Conclusion. The quality and adaptability of the BC4 hybrids, and the stable number of chromosomes are essential to complement the genetic bank of grapevine, and select specimens will serve as the basis of the breeding programs effective.

Annotated synopsis of decorative small-annual plants of the Flora of the Middle Dnieper region

2024-12-23T12:13:41+02:00

Aims. To conduct a systematic (taxonomic), bio-morphological, geographical structural analysis of ornamental small-annual plants cultivated in the Middle Dnieper region and to find out their naturalization rate. Methods. To carry out structural analysis, generally accepted approaches of comparative floristics were used. In the composition of analyzed flora, autochthonous and allochthonous components are distinguished. The analyzed flora species are divided into groups of ergasiophytes and ergasiophygophytes. Results. An annotated synopsis of ornamental annuals (annuals and biennials, as well as those perennials that undergo accelerated entry into the generative phase of development under conditions of introduction, after which they mostly die off) has been compiled. The systematic, bio-morphological (by life expectancy), and also geographical (by primary habitats of introduced and general habitats of autochthonous species) of ornamental annuals cultivated in the region of the study structure were analyzed. The naturalization rate of introduced species is analyzed. Conclusions. There are 167 species-level taxa (species and hybrids) belonging to 110 genera and 34 families of angiosperms as part of the cultivated ornamental flora of small annual plants of the Middle Dnieper region. Annuals (124 species) predominate in terms of life expectancy. There are 27 species of biennials, and 16 of those perennials that, under the conditions of introduction, acquire the status of small annual plants (mostly species of the genera Coreopsis L., and Rudbeckia L.).

Problems of Ukrainian dendrological and gardening phytonymy

2024-12-23T12:25:52+02:00

Aims. To analyze in the historical aspect the formation of Ukrainian names of tree and garden plants, to highlight problematic issues of Ukrainian plant nomenclature and to propose ways of consensual arrangement of the system of phytonyms of natural and cultural flora of Ukraine. Results. The International Code of Nomenclature of algae, fungi, and plants and the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, which regulate the names of taxa and cultons, respectively, provide forestry and horticulture with clear systems of plant naming that can be applied internationally. Based on the international scientific nomenclature, the national botanical nomenclature was developed on the basis of borrowed plant names and Ukrainian folk phytonyms. The agrobiological nomenclature includes the names of agricultural crops. The parallel existence of these two terminological systems, where the agrobiological nomenclature remained uncodified for a long time and was under the pressure of the botanical system of names, led to a confusion of names with a violation of the scientific style of the Ukrainian literary language. The folk names of plants were formed on the Indo-European and Proto-Slavic basis with numerous borrowings from other languages. Recently, the flow of plant introductions has increased significantly, which has led to the replenishment of Ukrainian phytonyms by transliteration, loan translation and formation of new words. In the presence of several synonymous names, the problem of choosing a generic name arises. Ukrainian specific epithets must correspond to Latin ones. Since the Ukrainian terminology has been forcibly influenced by the Russian language, it needs to be cleansed of Muscovisms. There are also problems with the use of correct names in regulatory documents and scientific works. Conclusions. Ukrainian phytonymy consists of plant names formed on the basis of its own language and borrowed from other languages. The set of these names forms the Ukrainian botanical and agrobiological terminology system, complementing each other and satisfying the needs of scientific and economic activity. In order to eliminate confusion in the names of plants, which differ in word order, it is necessary to distinguish between these systems of terms. Official documents and scientific works must be based on modern plant taxonomy.

Indigenous medicinal knowledge of plants used in the treatment of malaria in Mazowe and Shamva districts, Zimbabwe

2024-12-23T12:39:40+02:00

Aims. The indigenous medicinal knowledge (IMK) of plants used in the treatment of malaria in selected localities of Mazowe and Shamva districts was assessed and documented. Methods. An anthropological method comprising structured interviews was used to collect data from 25 purposively sampled key informants. Relative frequency of citation (RFC) was used for data analysis. Eleven plant species from eight families, comprising native (63.6 %) and exotic (36.4 %) species were listed. Results. Based on RFC data, the most frequently mentioned plants were Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng (88.0 %) and Capsicum frutescens L. (84.0 %). Trees (45.5 %) and herbs (36.4 %) were the primary sources of medicinal plants, while roots (36.4 %), leaves (27.3 %), and bark (18.1 %) were the most commonly used parts. Decoction (54.5 %), infusion (36.4 %), and oral administration (100 %) were the most common methods of preparation and administration. A few of the plants (36.4 %) have documented antimalarial activities, while the majority of them (81.8 %) have similar ethnomedicinal uses in other parts of the country. Conclusions. In this context, the results obtained from this study could be used as a basis for developing future malaria medicines using local IMK and resources.

Perpetuated in plant names outstanding figure of the Planet

2024-12-23T12:47:07+02:00

Aims. The review studies are motivated by the need to study the evolution of the world botanical community's perception of prominent figures of the planet and to find out the alternatives of the grounds for perpetuating the memory of these figures in the scientific names of plants. Methods. Open scientific sources were used to clarify the cognitive and onomasiology grounds for the motivation of scientific plant names. The information obtained was studied by the methods of theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison, and generalization used in research on the etymology of plant names, and the authors also used their methodological developments in writing review articles. Results. The evolution of the motivation and practice of using the names of famous people in plant names from Linnaeus's times to the present has been analyzed based on literary sources. The reasons for naming botanical genera and species in honor of people unrelated to biological sciences are discussed, and warnings are expressed against the use of eponyms formed on subjective or random motives. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the motivation for the formation of scientific names of plants from the Latinized names of famous people, which sometimes acquire elements of emotionally colored primitivism, it is proposed to improve the rules of botanical nomenclature with the regulation of the use of names of contemporary people unrelated to biological science.

Potentilla indica (Rosaceae) in the flora of Ukraine: history of naturalization and current distribution

2024-12-23T12:55:14+02:00

Aim. This article presents an overview of the current distribution of Potentilla indica (Andrews) Focke (Rosaceae) in the flora of Ukraine, including its cultivation in botanical gardens and parks, as well as the spontaneous spread and ecological- coenotic characteristics of this species in Ukraine. Methods. Classical methods such as comparative floristics, alongside analysis of literature sources, herbarium materials, and electronic data resources. Results. Summary data on the cultivation of P. indica in Ukraine indicate its relatively widespread. The species was first documented as a greenhouse plant in Uman in 1885, and throughout the 20th century, it spread primarily within botanical gardens and other plant introduction centers. The first spontaneous occurrence was recorded in 1925 near Zhytomyr city. Now P. indica has been registered in various natural and anthropogenic habitats, primarily in large cities. A distribution map of the species has been developed, covering over 50 spontaneous and quasi-spontaneous habitats in 22 regions of Ukraine.
Conclusions. P. indica is a relatively common ergasiophygophyte in the flora of Ukraine, with a tendency toward naturalization, especially in western and northern regions. The species demonstrates adaptability to anthropogenic habitats, though widespread invasions are not anticipated. Continued monitoring and research on the species' role in phytosociological communities remain relevant.

Phenological observations in dendrological collections: motivation for the use of the universal coding “BBCH scale”

2024-12-23T13:36:40+02:00

Aims. The work has aimed to demonstrate similarities and differences in description and coding of phases, as well as rules for traditional phenological observation methods in botanical gardens of Ukraine versus the universal BBCH scale. The BBCH scale is a seasonal plant development phase coding scale used in all countries that were not part of the USSR. This coding allows obtaining data suitable for compiling large databases. The application of its principles will allow the creation of Ukrainian network of phenological observations. Methods. The authors' personal experience in changing the coding of seasonal development phases for different systematic groups' plants from alphanumeric coding (Rakhmetov, 2011; Yaroslavtsev et al., 1973) to BBCH decimal scale (Meier, 2001) made it possible to analyze the similarities and differences of two approaches in detail. Results. The same seasonal states of plants, recorded during phenological observations, as well as phase discrepancies in different scales were revealed by comparing the descriptions of the phases. Detailed photos of phases were made and observation phases' schemes were prepared for seven plant species of different systematic groups (Alnus incana (L.)
Moench, Philadelphus coronarius L., Picea abies (L.) H.Karst., Rosa canina L., Syringa vulgaris L., Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) T.G.Hartley, Thuja occidentalis L.)
which are included in the phenological observations route of the dendrology department of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden. Conclusions.
A successful organization of phenological observations and their unification between networks imply some important conditions to be met: creation an observation route, involving experienced specialists, and applying a unified scale. Authors propose corresponding Ukrainian analogues of seasonal development phases for woody plants in different systematic groups according to the BBCH scale. As demonstrated, this will facilitate the alignment of plants’ growth stages with the scales traditional in Ukrainian botanical gardens developed in the middle of the last century. Using of the BBCH scale will allow adding the obtained by Ukrainian specialists’ data to large databases.

Using the adaptive potential of the global chickpea gene pool (Cicer arietinum L.) to improve the yield of new cultivars

2024-12-23T13:51:13+02:00

Aims. Based on our research and the results of the testing of a large extent of chickpea collection samples by various scientific research institutions of the world, to identify the sources and donors of such economically valuable traits as improved elements of seed productivity, large-seeded, multipodding, increased protein content in seeds. Special attention was paid to source material selecting resistant pathogens, especially fusarium and ascochita blight. Methods. Field, laboratory, biometric, phenological observations, inter-cultivar hybridization, statistical analysis. Results. The characteristics of the world's largest genetic banks are given, and the effectiveness of the use of exotic chickpea genetic material for the breeding of highly adaptive cultivars for the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine was shown. Some genotypes with improved several valuable economic traits were identified. It was found that chickpea samples of the desi type have a higher level of drought resistance and disease tolerance compared to the kabuli type. Sources of chickpea drought resistance that can be involved in breeding programs to create competitive cultivars of this crop are identified. Conclusions. As a result of the long-term study of chickpea collection specimens, sources of increased seed productivity, large-seeded, high protein content, pathogen resistance, and improved technological qualities of seeds were identified. A core collection has been formed, the genotypes of which are recommended to be involved in the breeding process in research institutions of our country. As a result of intensive study and use in hybridization of local and exotic collection material, we have created 13 cultivars of chickpea, which are included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine. Among them are ʻTriumphʼ, ʻBujakʼ, ʻOdisseiʼ, ʻSkarbʼ, ʻDostatokʼ that are distinguished by large seeds, and ʻSteppe giantʼ and ʻYarinaʼ are distinguished by tolerance to diseases.

Introduction sections of the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka”: history and role in the formation of the revalorization concept of the park environment

2024-12-23T13:58:45+02:00

Aims. To reveal the role of the introduction sections of the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, created during its development (Vasyl Pashkevich’s Arboretum — quarter No. 30; Arboretum Hrybok — quarter No. 21, Matochnyk in Dubynka — quarters No. 9, 10, 11, 12; Nursery — quarter No. 39) in the formation of dendrocenosis and increasing the recreational value of the park. Methods. Analytical, field. Processing of literary sources, archival materials, and internet resources. Results. Throughout the history of the park, introduction sections have been created at different times the First such section was the Arboretum, created under the direction of Professor Vasyl Pashkevych (1899–1891) during the period when the park was subordinated to the School of Horticulture. The next three were created in the postwar period of the park's reconstruction (1946). The formation and preservation of the dendrological collection in “Sofiyivka” Park is one of the priority areas of the institution's work in the past and present time. The analysis of literature sources on the functioning of these sites showed their significant importance in the introduction process: in the middle of the last century, more than 600 taxa of trees and shrubs were involved in the process of identifying their potential growth and development in the soil and climatic conditions of the southern part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Conclusions. The creation of introduction sections in different parts of the park contributed to the realization of plans to enrich the dendroflora with new species and forms of diversity, to obtain sufficient planting material to optimize and reconstruct the historical part and the buffer zone, and to increase the recreational value of the park as a whole. After the completion of their intended purpose, the sections were reconstructed: the existing plantings were optimized, arboretums were created to complement the park's greenery, and they became a new location for tourists' recreation and conducting introductory research, etc.

Comparative analysis of cytogenetic disorders in Triticum aestivum L. induced by soil xenobiotic and N-nitroso-N-methylurea

2024-12-23T14:07:31+02:00

Aims. To determine the frequency and spectrum of the cytogenetic disorders, induced by a prolonged effect of the soil contamination with xenobiotic of the areas of the warehoused toxic wastes, and to identify the level of their mutagenic activity in comparison with the effect of the moderate and high concentrations of N-nitrozo-N- metylurea (NMU). Methods. The seeds of Triticum aestivum L., cultivars ‘Albatros Odeskyi’ and ‘Zymoiarka’, were grown in the soil samples of the ground of toxic wastes of “OrianaGalev Ltd.”, its re-cultivated plot and Dombrovskyi career dump of potash ores, situated near Kalush city, Ivano-Frankivsk region. To study the mutagenic activity of the moderate and high concentrations of NMU, seeds were kept in 0.005, 0.01, and 0.025 % water solution of supermutagen. The frequency and spectrum of the cytogenetic disorders in the cells of the root meristem of the shoots were defined by an ana-telophase method. Results. The frequency of the cytogenetic disorders, induced by genotoxicants of the soil near Kalush industrial district,
exceeded the control level by 1.8–3.8 times. Under the effect of a low concentration of hexachlorobenzene in the soil together complex with available natural mineral compounds of mining-chemical raw material, the frequency of chromosome aberrations exceeded spontaneous indicators by 1.8–2.4 times. The spectrum of chromosome aberrations contained mostly acentric fragments; it was expanded due to the induction of the bridges, chromosome rings, and micro-nuclei, which were recorded under the effect of high NMU concentrations. Under the effect of hexachlorobenzene in the highest and the lowest concentrations, the indicator of the aberration number per aberrant cell, most likely, exceeded the control level statistically. Conclusions. The chemical soil contamination with hexachlorobenzene shows a high mutagenic activity, which, by the induction level of cytogenetic abnormalities, is almost equal to the mutagenic activity NMU in moderate concentrations. A chemical mutagenic factor in complex with natural mineral compounds of mining-chemical raw material keeps a high mutagenic activity even at low concentrations. A significant increase in share of cells with dicentric chromosomes in the spectrum of chromosome aberration types can indicate the radiomimetic properties of chemical genotoxicant. The increase in the number of cells with multiple aberrations shows the high genotoxicity of a chemical compound and the danger of facing serious genetic consequences in case the compound enters the environment.

Quality of apple fruit: anatomical features and chemical composition

2024-12-23T14:14:28+02:00

Aims. To study the anatomical structure of the fruit of new apple cultivars, to determine their density and important chemical components. Methods. The research was conducted by biological, laboratory, microscopic, and statistical methods. Comparison and generalization, systematization of literature data were used. Results. Analysis of the parameters of the apple fruit peel of three apple cultivars showed that the highest values were obtained when measuring anatomical sections of ‘Red Jonaprince’ cultivar, and the thinnest fruit peel was found in ‘Honey Crisp’. The parenchyma of ‘Red Jonaprince’ apple fruit was more homogeneous, unlike the fruit of ‘Belida’. The obtained anatomical sections of the structure of the texture of apples of new apple cultivars correlated with the measurements of fruit density. The dry soluble solids content varied from 13.6 to 15.7% depending on the cultivar, with an average of 14.6%. The sugars quantity was highest in the 'Belida' fruit (12.66 %). The highest organic acids content was in apples of the ‘Red Jonaprince’ (0.56 %). The lowest quantity of organic acids was in the fruits of apples of the ‘Honey Crisp’ (0.28 %). The sugar-acid index of the studied apple cultivars varied from 19.3 to 37.2 with an average value of 30.9. The highest taste qualities were found in the fruits of the ‘Belida’, and the lowest score was given to apples of the ‘Red Jonaprince’. Conclusions. The structure of the fruit of the apple tree variety ‘Honey Crisp’ was the most homogeneous and contained rather large cells, and in the sensory analysis was characterised by the highest juiciness. The ‘Belida’ variety was distinguished by the content of dry soluble substances and sugars in the fruit, and ‘Іdared’ by the amount of organic titratable acids.